The Faustpatrone (literally 'fist cartridge')
was a German anti-tank weapon of early World War II and a forerunner
of the later Panzerfaust.Much smaller in physical
appearance, the Faustpatrone was actually heavier than the better known
Panzerfaust. Development of the Faustpatrone started in the summer of
1942 at the German company HASAG with the development of the smaller
forerunner-prototype called "Gretchen" ("Little Gretel") by a team headed
by Dr. Heinrich Langweiler in Leipzig. The basic concept was that of
a recoilless gun; neither the Faustpatrone nor its successor
the Panzerfaust were rockets.
The following first weapon model of the Panzerfaust-family,
the so-called Faustpatrone klein, 30m ("Small Fist-Cartridge")
had a total weight of 3.2 kg (7.1 lb) and a total length of 98.5 cm
(38¾ in); its projectile had a length of 36 cm (14¼ in) and a warhead
diameter of 10 cm (4 in); it carried a shaped charge of 400 g (14 oz)
of a 50:50 mix of TNT and tri-hexogen. The propellant consisted of 54
g (1.9 oz or 830 grains) of black powder, the metal launch tube had
a length of 80 cm (31½ in) and a diameter of 3.3 cm (1.3 in) (early
models reportedly 2.8 cm (1.1 in)). Fitted to the warhead was a wooden
shaft with folded stabilizing fins (made of 0.25 mm (0.01 in) thick
spring metal). These bent blades straightened into position by themselves
as soon as they left the launch tube. The warhead was accelerated to
a speed of 28 m/s (92 ft/s), had a range of about 30 m (100 ft) and
an armor penetration of up to 140 mm (5½ in) of plain steel. Soon a
crude aiming device similar to the one used by the Panzerfaust was added
to the design; it was fixed at a range of 30 m (100 ft).
Other designations of this weapon were Faustpatrone
1 or Panzerfaust 30 klein; however, it was common to refer
to this weapon simply as the Faustpatrone. Twenty thousand were ordered
and the first 500 Faustpatronen were delivered by the manufacturer,
HASAG Hugo Schneider AG, Werk Schlieben, in August 1943. Two main problems
had already surfaced much earlier in the weapon's trials. First, the
original model did not have a sighting device. Second, due to the odd
shape of the warhead (see pictures) it tended to ricochet off or explode
with less effect on sloped armor, especially on the Russian T-34. Since
these problems surfaced already early in testing, the development and
production of its successor, the Panzerfaust 30, had already begun by
the time of the first deliveries. Still, the small and simple Faustpatrone
klein was kept in production well into 1945.
Source: wikipdia
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